Evaluation of the surface water quality of the turunchuk river for drip irrigation systems

Abstract

The quality assessment of the surface waters of the Turunchuk river was carried out by the average annual values of hydrochemical indicators for 2006…2016 for the drip irrigation systems for agronomic (for the risk of irrigation salinization, saltification, alkalization of the soil and the toxic effect of irrigation water on plants); environmental (on the content of plant nutrients); ecological hygienic (according to the content in water of mineral nitrogen, trace elements and the amount of oxygen consumed during 5 days of incubation); environmental toxicological (on the content of heavy metals, petroleum products, synthetic surfactants) and technical (on water salinity, of total hardness and suspended solids , manganese, iron content and hydrogen activity) criteria. It has been established by researches that according to the danger of irrigation salinization of soils, irrigation waters of such quality correspond to class I water quality and are suitable for the drip irrigation systems without restrictions. In addition, based on a comprehensive assessment of indicators (pH, toxic alkalinity, alkalinity from normal carbonates, the ratio of the sum of alkaline captions of sodium and potassium to the sum of all captions, taking into account the particle size distribution of the soil and their buffering capacity), irrigation waters correspond to class I water quality and are suitable for the drip irrigation systems without restrictions. According to the environmental criteria, the irrigation waters of the Turunchuk river for the content of trace elements and heavy metals correspond to class I water quality and cannot have a negative impact on the soil and agricultural crops. Evaluation of the suitability of water according to the degree of its influence on the elements of the drip irrigation systems was made taking into account the possibility of preventing its corrosion, silting, bio-growth, which occurs as a result of the gradual accumulation at suspended sediments of mineral and organic origin, salt deposits and microorganisms vital products. It has been found by the research that surface waters of the Turunchuk river according to the degree of influence on the nodes and elements of the pipeline network are suitable for the drip irrigation without restrictions.